Dept. of Livestock Production and Management

EFFECT OF FEEDS AND FEED ADDITIVES ON IN VITRO METHANE EMISSION OF CROSSBRED DAIRY COW

2025-05-29T10:09:11Z

EFFECT OF FEEDS AND FEED ADDITIVES ON IN VITRO METHANE EMISSION OF CROSSBRED DAIRY COW HOSSAIN, MD. NAZMUL Two in vitro experiments were conducted at Livestock Production and Management Laboratory, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet from 3rd April to 28th April 2016 to estimate the methane emission from 10 feed ingredients grouped according to their nutrient composition where rice straw (Oryza sativa), napier grass( Pennisetum purpureum) and german grass (Echinochloa polystachya) were grouped as roughages, rice polish (Oryza sativa), wheat bran (Triticum aestivum) and broken rice (Oryza sativa) as energy rich concentrates and red lentil (Lens culinaris), grass pea (Lathyrus sativus), mung bean (Vigna radiata) and mustard oil cake (Brassica nigra) as protein rich concentrates to estimate the methane emission from them by in vitro gas production techniques. In addition 3 feed additives cumin (Cuminum cyminum), coriander (Coriandum sativeum) and turmeric (Curcuma longa) were added to evaluate their effect on methane production from german grass and wheat bran by this technique. Complete randomize design were followed to assess the in vitro degradability after 72h incubation, gas production at 0, 3, 6, 12, 24, 36, 48, 72h and methane emission at 24, 48 and 72h of incubation. Among the roughages methane emission was highest in german grass (92.56ml/g DM) followed by napier (63.89ml/g DM) and rice straw (21ml/g DM). Methane emission among the energy rich concentrates were 76.33, 61.00 and 23.56ml/g DM for broken rice, wheat bran and rice polish. Methane emission from protein rich concentrates group was 63.67, 54.44 54.11 and 49.78ml/g DM respectively in rass pea, mung bean, red lentil and mustard oil cake. Methane emission was negatively correlated with the level of cured protein and ether extract and was positively correlated with the level of nitrogen-free extract. Addition of feed additives had no significant effect on in vitro degradability but significantly (p<0.01) reduced the gas production and methane emission from german grass and wheat bran. Cumin was most effective to reduce the gas production from both feed but turmeric was most effective for german grass and cumin was most effective for wheat bran in term of methane emission. So turmeric and cumin are most effective to reduce methane emission from dairy cows.

EFFECT OF ENERGY AND PROTEIN RICH FEED ON IN VITRO METHANE PRODUCTION OF BLACK BENGAL GOAT

2025-05-29T06:14:54Z

EFFECT OF ENERGY AND PROTEIN RICH FEED ON IN VITRO METHANE PRODUCTION OF BLACK BENGAL GOAT SAHA, ANIRUDDHA This research was conducted to investigate in vitro methane production of feed ingredients in goat and relationship between proximate components and methane production. Feed ingredients were collected from local market of sylhet. Broken rice, rice polish and wheat bran were grouped as energy rich concentrate and red lentil (Lens culinaris), grass pea (Lathyrus sativus), mung bean (Vigna radiate) and mustard oil cake (Brassica juncea) were grouped as protein rich concentrate and chemical analysis of each sample was performed for determination of DM%,OM%,CP%,CF%,ASH%,EE% and NFE% of the samples. Rumen fluid from Black Bengal goat was collected immediately after slaughtering from slaughter house of sylhet during the experiment. Grinded 0.3 g of each feed sample was separately weighted by electric balance and taken into syringes .They were placed on a stand and put into the water bath by maintaining the temperature (39±.5)°C. According to the change in the piston position gas production was measured at 24 and 48 h of incubation. After incubation, the content of the syringe was transferred into a centrifuge tube and centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 10 min and after that IVDMD% was estimated. Within the group of energy rich concentrate, gas (151.67 ml/g DM) and methane (66.80 ml/g DM) production from broken rice and was the highest, followed by 139.96 ml/g DM gas and 54.65 ml/g DM methane by wheat bran and 49.95 ml/g DM gas and 14.42 ml/g DM methane by rice polish. Within the protein rich concentrate group, grass pea produced the highest amount of gas (142.78 ml/g DM) and methane (59.96 ml/g DM) followed by 137.10 ml/g DM gas and 51.68 ml/g DM methane by mung bean, 136.55 ml/g DM gas and 50.38 ml/g DM methane by red lentil and 130.12 ml/g DM gas and 43.42 ml/g DM methane by mustard oil cake. Methane production from each feed ingredient was decreased with increasing amount of crude fiber (CF) and ether extract (EE), whereas positive relationship was noted with the concentrations of N-free extract (NFE) and crude protein (CP). It seems possible to predict methane production potential from nutritional composition of the ingredients for their effective application on formulating less methane emitting rations. Feed stuffs which have higher gas production and IVDMD% tend to have higher CH4 production per gram DM incubated.

EFFECT OF CONCENTRATE FEEDS ON METHANE EMISSION IN BEEF CATTLE BY USING IN VITROTECHNIQUE

2025-05-29T06:09:57Z

EFFECT OF CONCENTRATE FEEDS ON METHANE EMISSION IN BEEF CATTLE BY USING IN VITROTECHNIQUE YADAV, SUNIL KUMAR This experiment was conducted to investigateeffect of concentrate feeds on methane emission in beef cattle by using in vitro technique using rumen fluid from beef cattle and to compare in vitro methane production using different concentrate feeds. There were 7 concentrate feeds stuffs such as Rice Polish, Wheat bran, Mustard oil cake, Broken rice, Green gram, Grass pea and Red lentil were collected from local market of Sylhet, Bangladesh. Three indigenous beef cattle (Bosindicus) were selected for this experiment. Rumen fluid from 3 beef cattle was collected immediately after slaughtered. All the seven concentrate feeds were used to study their effects on gas production, methane production and IVDMD for 3, 6, 12, 24 and 48 hours. 0.3 g grindedfeed sample was separately weighted by electric balance and taken into 21 syringes. Then they were placed on a stand and put into the water bath by maintaining the temperature 39±.5°C. According to the back change of the piston position gas production was measured at 24 and 48 hr of incubation. CF, EE and Ash were higher in low quality concentrate while DM, OM, CP and IVDMD were higher in high quality concentrate. Among the low quality concentrate total gas production rate was highest in wheat bran at 6, 12, 24 and 48 hr of incubation and total gas production rate was lowest in mustard oil cake; on the other hand within high quality concentrates total gas production was lowest in grass pea and highest in green gramat 6, 12, 24 and 48 hr of incubation. Among the low quality concentrates amount of methane production was highest in wheat bran and lowest in mustard oil cake at 24 and 48 hr of incubation period. Among the high quality concentrate methane production rate was highest in green gram and lowest in grass pea at 24 hr of incubation. Among the high quality concentrates methane production rate was lowest in grass pea and highest in green pea at 48 hr of incubation. In this study it was observed that CF, NFE and CP had positive, moderate and negative effects on methane emission respectively.

EFFECTS OF HERD, SEASON AND DAYS IN MILK IN MILK UREA NITROGEN OF CROSSBRED DAIRY COWS IN SYLHET

2025-01-29T05:47:13Z

EFFECTS OF HERD, SEASON AND DAYS IN MILK IN MILK UREA NITROGEN OF CROSSBRED DAIRY COWS IN SYLHET SHOSHE, NUSRAT ZAHAN The study included 724 crossbred cows (Local × Holstein Friesian) from nine dairy farms of Sylhet district from July 2013 to June 2014 to determine the effect of herd, season, lactation stage and days in milk on milk urea nitrogen and the effect of milk production and composition on milk urea nitrogen. According to the season, milk samples were divided into two groups: wet season (June - October) and dry season (November - February). Days in milk (DIM) were grouped into two lactation stages: Lactation 1 (˂100 days in milk) and Lactation 2 (˃100 days in milk). Milk urea nitrogen was grouped into five categories by the increments of 5 mg/dl, started with those less than 10 mg/dl and finishing with concentration greater than 25 mg/dl. The daily milk yield was 6.78 kg ranged from 2.00 to 18.00 kg. The mean MUN concentration was 14.58 mg/dl. Mean values for milk fat and protein contents were 3.74 % and 3.72 %. The highest content of MU (16.37 mg/dl) was found in herd 2 and the second highest estimation of MU content were in herd 1, 3 and 6 (15.58, 15.51 and 15.12 mg/dl, respectively). In the district of Sylhet, the lowest MU content was estimated in herd 4, 5, 7 and 8 (13.59, 13.48, 13.16 and 13.60 mg/dl, respectively). Difference of MUN concentration was not significant between the dry and wet season. The MUN concentrations were 14.82 mg/dl and 14.90 mg/dl in dry and wet season respectively. The concentration of MUN in Lactation 1 was 13.61 mg/dl and in Lactation 2 was 16.26 mg/dl. The same inverse relation was not observed between MUN categories and milk fat percentage. Milk fat (%) were 3.56, 3.77, 3.64, 4.15 and 3.66 when MUN concentration were ≤10.00, 10.01-15.00, 15.01-20.00, 20.01-25.00 and ≥24.01 mg/dl respectively. Daily milk yield did not increase with the increase of MUN concentration. Milk yield were 6.37, 7.21, 6.23, 7.31 and 7.00 Kg/d while MUN concentration were ≤10.00, 10.01-15.00, 15.01-20.00, 20.01-25.00 and ≥25.01 mg/dl. It may be concluded that herd category and lactation stage influence the milk urea nitrogen concentration of crossbred dairy cow in the Sylhet district.