Dept. of Pathology

ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF PATHOGENS FROM PNEUMONIC LUNGS OF SHEEP AND THEIR HISTOPATHOLOGICAL CHANGES IN DIFFERENT AREAS OF SYLHET CITY

2016-12-01T00:00:00Z

ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF PATHOGENS FROM PNEUMONIC LUNGS OF SHEEP AND THEIR HISTOPATHOLOGICAL CHANGES IN DIFFERENT AREAS OF SYLHET CITY KHAMA, JAKIA AKTER The important feature of the present study was investigated the pneumonic lungs of sheep and their pathological conditions after slaughtered in different slaughter houses/places of Sylhet city another things isolation and identification of causal agents, antibiotic sensitivity test of were commonly used antibiotics in veterinary practices in our country. During the period from January to June 2016, a total of 300 lungs of slaughtered sheep were examined individually and out of which 80 (15.0%) become affected and lungs were collected for histopathology and bacterial isolation respectively. The gross examination of lungs showed that 40% (120 out of 300 lungs examined) were found positive for pneumonic sheep lungs. The lesions were categorized into (a) hemorrhages 40% (b) congesion 26% (c) hemorrhage with congestion 20% (d) fibrosis of lungs 7% and (e) hepatization in lungs 7%. In histopathological examination, lesions were categorized into (a) bronchopneumonia 26% (acute catarrhal bronchopneumonia 18% and purulent bronchopneumonia 8%), (b) interstitial pneumonia 20%, (c) broncho-interstisial pneumonia 25%, (d) fibrinous pneumonia 22% (e) verminous pneumonia 7%. The highest prevalence of pneumonic lungs was found in bronchopneumonia (26%) and then bronchointerstitial pneumonia (25%) and fibrinous pneumonia (22%). The organisms isolated from the affected lungs were E. coli. (20%), Staphylococcus sp. (25%), Streptococcus sp. 15%, Salmonella sp. 15%, Pasteurella sp. 25%. Finally antibiotics sensitivity test was performed on isolated bacteria. The isolates of Streptococcus sp. and Staphylococcus sp. were highly sensitive to Erythromycin, Ceftriaxone, Nalidixic acid, Penicillin, Chloramphenicol and Gentamycin. On the other hand, antibiotic sensitivity pattern of isolated Escherichia coli and Salmonella sp. were highly sensitive to erythromycin, ceftriaxone, Cefalexine, Nalidixic acid, Gentamycin. The Pasteurella sp. were highly sensitive to Nalidixic acid, Erythromycin, Co-Trimoxazole, Gentamycin, Ceftriaxone, Chloramphenicol & resistant to Penicillin, Ampicillin and Bacitracin. In consideration of the most effective antimicrobial agents against all the tested isolates, Gentamycin, Ceftriaxone, Erythromycin and Nalidixic acid are the drugs of choice for the treatment of pneumonic sheep

SCORING OF BURSAL LESIONS IN COMMERCIAL CHICKEN INFECTED WITH FIELD IBD VIRUS AT SYLHET REGION

2016-12-01T00:00:00Z

SCORING OF BURSAL LESIONS IN COMMERCIAL CHICKEN INFECTED WITH FIELD IBD VIRUS AT SYLHET REGION AKTAR, MOST. FARZANA The current study was conducted to evaluate the pathogenicity and pathology of infectious bursal disease virus in commercial broiler chickens. A total of 45 bursa of Fabricius were collected from 9 commercial farm of different age (18-29 days) of different areas at Sylhet region. During necropsy both chickens and Bursa of Fabricius (BF) were weighed and examined for gross lesion and processed for histological investigations. Bursal Index and bursal lesion scoring were made to evaluate pathogenicity of the virus. The results showed that the weight of bursa increased effectively according to the body weight. According to the evaluation system 44.44% belongs to the bad category, 22.22% medium, 11.11% average and 22.22% excellent category. In post mortem examination there was severe hemorrhage present on BF, breast and thigh muscle. Hemorrhage was found at the junction between proventriculus and gizzard. Gelatinous and atrophied bursa was also found. Bursal lesion scoring was done based on histopathological investigations, the highest bursal lesion score was 4.6 ±0.40 that indicates bursal atrophy caused by very virulent strain. Bursa were characterized by atrophy, necrosis, fibroplasia, lymphoid depletion, cyst formation and infiltration of inflammatory cells. According to Bursal Index and the observed lesions of BF the virus causing infection of very virulent type. In conclusion, based on the results of the study most of the IBDV infected farms were affected with vvIBDV. However, virus isolation and determination of pathogenicity at laboratory are recommended.

MOLECULAR SURVEILLANCE OF AVIAN INFLUENZA VIRUS IN SEMI-SCAVENGING DUCKS IN SYLHET DIVISION OF BANGLADESH

2016-06-01T00:00:00Z

MOLECULAR SURVEILLANCE OF AVIAN INFLUENZA VIRUS IN SEMI-SCAVENGING DUCKS IN SYLHET DIVISION OF BANGLADESH BADRUZZAMAN, A.T.M. Ducks are the natural reservoir of influenza A virus and the central host for highly pathogenic avian influenza (H5N1), while domestic ducks rearing in semi-scavenging system could serve as re-assortment vessels for re-emerging new subtypes of influenza viruses. The present active surveillance study hereby reports the molecular detection of different subtypes of avian influenza viruses (AIVs) in semi-scavenging ducks. A total of 700 cloacal swabs were collected from semiscavenging ducks from six selected haor basin areas of Sylhet division of Bangladesh during the period from January 2015 to December 2015. AIVs were identified from collected swab samples by detecting M gene using real-time RT-PCR (RT-qPCR). Sub-typing of AIV positive samples were performed using RT-qPCR specific for H5, H7 and H9 genes. Out of 700 samples 12 (1.71%) were found positive for AIVs. Sub-typing of AIV positive samples (n=12) revealed that 7 (58.33%) samples were positive for H9 sub-type and 5 samples were negative for the selected genes (H5, H7, H9). Our results were validated by detecting the same genes after propagation of virus in embryonating chicken eggs from positive samples. Based on our findings, we conclude that semi-scavenging ducks reared in hoar areas acts as a carrier of low pathogenic AIVs. Although H9 subtype of AIV is low pathogenic and has lower risk for human, it is alarming that this virus may change its pathogenicity in ducks by re-assortment and may become highly pathogenic. Our large data set from six migratory bird sanctuaries might provide a strong background for furthermore studies of AIV prevalence, evolution and ecology.

INVESTIGATION OF PESTE DES PETITS RUMINANTS IN GOAT IN SYLHET REGION

2014-06-01T00:00:00Z

INVESTIGATION OF PESTE DES PETITS RUMINANTS IN GOAT IN SYLHET REGION Islam, Md. Mazedul The present study was carried out to investigate the epidemiological situation and pathological findings of Peste des Petits Ruminants (PPR) in goat in Sylhet district over three year period from 2011-2013. For epidemiology, prevalence was determined based on data of four upazilla veterinary hospital in Sylhet district, categorized into different age groups and seasons. Diagnosis was made by clinical signs and gross pathology. Histopathological investigation was carried out on lung, liver, heart, spleen and intestine. A total 8975 goats were examined of which 1628 were found to be affected with PPR (18.14%). The prevalence was significantly higher (P<0.01) (19.86%) than Sylhet Sadar (19.3%), Fenchuganj (16.261%) and Joyntapur (15.402%). There was significant (P<0.01) difference of PPR prevalence among the different age groups where younger goats (<2 year) were affected more than older goat. Goats of <2 year age group had the highest prevalence (21.58%) followed by (16.78%) in 2-3 year (13.28%) in 3-4 year and the lowest prevalence (8.84%) was found in >4 years age group. The prevalence of PPR was significantly (P<0.01) higher in winter season (20.27%) than that of rainy (19.21%) and summer season (14.82%). Clinically there were anorexia, respiratory distress, coughing, foul smelling diarrhoea, encrustation and erosion in lips and gum. Oculonasal discharges were the common findings. At necropsy, stomatitis, congested and pneumonic lung, hemorrhagic liver, zebra striping in colon were characteristic findings. Frothy mucus was observed in cut pieces of lung on squeezing. Histopathologically, in lung, there were interstitial pneumonia, congestion with infiltration of inflammatory cells within interstitium, lumen of alveoli, bronchi and bronchiole, Presence of syncitial cell in the alveoli. Depletion of mature lymphocyte and congestion of capillaries were seen in spleen. In intestine, neumerous inflammatory cells were found in the submucosa and lamina propria. Congestion and hemorrhages were found in heart and liver.