STUDIES ON Escherichia coli AND Salmonella FROM BROILER FEED SAMPLES COLLECTED FROM BROILER FARMS IN SYLHET WITH ANTIBIOGRAM PROFILE
Abstract
The study was principally conducted for the isolation, identification and antibiogram study of
Escherichia coli and Salmonella from broiler feed samples collected from Sylhet. The feed
samples were collected from different manufacturers available in Sylhet district like Aftab
feed, Nourish feed, CP feed, Kazi feed and Quality feed. A total of 120 broiler feed samples
(Starter 50, Grower 50 and Finisher 20) were tested; of which 34 (28.33%) and 36 (30%)
samples were positive for E. coli and Salmonella respectively. E. coli produced large, smooth
and sticky colonies with yellow green metallic sheen on EMB agar; bright pink colored colonies
on
MacConkey
agar;
yellowish
green
color
colonies
on
BGA;
slight
pinkish
colonies
on
SS
agar
and
pinkish
red
color
colonies
on
VRB
agar.
Salmonella
produced
a
raised,
rounded
or
circular,
smooth,
glistening,
opaque,
colorless,
transparent
or
translucent
with
black
center
on
SS
agar;
colorless,
smooth,
pale
and
transparent
and
raised
colonies
on
MacConkey
agar;
pale
pink
colored
colonies
on
BGA;
colorless
or
pale
colonies
without
metallic
sheen
on
the
EMB
agar and colourless colonies on VRB agar. E. coli fermented the five basic sugars
(dextrose, sucrose, lactose, maltose and mannitol) producing acid and gas; but Salmonella sp.
fermented dextrose, maltose and mannitol and produced acid and gas but did not ferment lactose
and
sucrose.
On
TSI
agar
slant,
E.
coli
and
Salmonella
showed
positive
result.
The
isolates
of
E.
coli
were
indole
and
Methyl
red
test
positive;
Voges-Proskauer
and
Citrate
Utilization
test
negative.
The
isolates
of
Salmonella
spp.
were
Methyl
red
and
Citrate
Utilization
test
positive;
indole and Voges-Proskauer test negative. In antibiogram study the isolates of E.
coli were highly sensitive to Ceftriaxone 100%, Cotrimazole 66.67%, Gentamycin 60%, Cephalexin
53.34%,
Amoxicillin
&
Chloramphenical
33.33%
and
Ampicillin
20%;
moderately
sensitive
to Erythromycin 53.33%, Amoxicillin 46.67%, Ampicillin & Nalidixic acid 40%,
Chloramphenical & Gentamycin 20% and Cephalexin & Cotrimazole 13.33%; less sensitive
to Nalidixic acid 33.33%, Chloramphenical & Erythromycin 20%, Ampicillin, Cephalexin &
Gentamycin 13.33% and Amoxicillin & Cotrimazole 6.67%; resistance to Penicillin & Bacitracin
100%,
Ampicillin,
Chloramphenical,
Erythromycin
&
Nalidixic
acid
26.67%,
Cephalexin
20%,
Amoxicillin
&
Cotrimazole
13.33%
and
Gentamycin
6.67%.
The
isolates
of
Salmonella
were highly sensitive to Ceftriaxone 100%, Cephalexin 66.67%, Gentamycin
53.34%, Cotrimazole 40%, Chloramphenical 26.67%, Amoxicillin 20% and Ampicillin
6.67%; moderately sensitive to Erythromycin 46.67%, Amoxicillin 40%, Ampicillin & Nalidixic
acid
33.33%,
Cotrimazole
& Gentamycin 26.67%, Chloramphenical 20% and Cephalexin
13.33%; less sensitive to Chloramphenical 40%, Erythromycin 33.33%, Amoxicillin
26.67%, Ampicillin & Nalidixic acid 20%, Cotrimazole 13.33% and Cephalexin 6.67%; resistance
to
Penicillin
&
Bacitracin
100%,
Nalidixic
acid
46.67%,
Ampicillin
40%,
Cotrimazole,
Erythromycin & Gentamycin 20% and Amoxicillin, Cephalexin, & Chloramphenical
13.33%. Commercial feeds can act as a carrier of pathogens for the broiler of all ages, so necessary
measures
should
be
taken
to
reduce
the
contamination
of
the
feeds.