COMPARATIVE EFFICACY OF NITROXYNIL AND GARLIC AGAINST GASTROINTESTINAL NEMATODIASIS IN BLACK BENGAL GOATS

Abstract

The research was conducted at Government Goat Development Farm, Sylhet, Bangladesh from October 2012 to November 2012 to observe the comparative efficacy of nitroxynil (Nitronex ® ) and garlic against gastrointestinal nematodes in naturally infected goats. The 30 infested goats (Black Bengal, Capra hircus) were randomly selected from 52 goats and divided into 3 equal groups (A, B and C), each group consisting of 10 goats. Group C served as the untreated control, whereas groups A and B were treated with nitroxynil (Nitronex ® ) and garlic respectively. The therapeutic efficacy was evaluated through determination of parasitic prevalence, body weight gain and haematological findings. Faecal and blood samples were collected before treatment on day 0 and on post-treatment day 7, 14, 21 and 28 of study. Pre and post-treatment eggs per gram (EPG) values were recorded and efficacies compared. The results showed that the efficacy of nitroxynil (Nitronex ® ) was 92.57% and garlic 44.01%. Coprocultures from all pre treatment samples showed a predominance of Haemonchus (17.30%) and this was followed by mixed infestation (13.46%), Strongyloides (9.61%), Oesophagostomum (7.70%), Trichuris (5.77%) and Trichostrongylus (3.85%) also present. The body weight of the treated goats were significantly increased (p<0.01). Of the haematological parameters TEC, Hb and PCV values were lower on day 0 but turned to increase (p<0.05 and p<0.01) on day 28 of the study. On the other hand, ESR and TLC were higher before treatment (day 0) but decreased significantly (p<0.05 and p<0.01) on day 28. Finally, the results obtained in this study clearly showed that 10% aqueous solution of garlic (bulb) exerted a moderate anti-nematodial effect. It is also clear that the active ingredient of this plant is soluble in water. Further, pharmacological, chemical and chronic toxicological studies are still needed to evaluate the exact mechanism of action and safety of this plant extract. However, the present study encourages further need for research in to this cheap indigenous anthelmintic medicinal plant against the gastrointestinal nematodial infestation in goats.